Sorensen pH scale (equation)

 Sorensen pH scale -

A System of grading PH levels and different concentration of H3O+ ion have been divised and named after sorenson, who was the original developer having a PH value of zero indicates hydrogen ion concentration of 1.

* The scale starts with a zero PH i.e. hydrogen ion concentration is 1. It means the solution is strongly acidic.

*At the other end of the scale, pH is 14, it means the solution is strongly alkaline.

*The central point PH in the scale is 7.0, because ( H3O+)is equal to ( OH-).

*pH 7 means neutral. 



*The acidic nutrality and basicity old good only when,

                    1)solvant in water 

                    2) temperature is 25C

 Ion are produced when electrolyte dissociates in water. As acid react with water hydrogen ion are hydronium ion are produced according to thermodynamics,

        pH can be calculated by calculating the negative of hydrogen ion activity.

Specifically, 

                    pH= -log aH+.............(1)

                 ( aH+=activity of hydronium ion)

In terms of activity hydronium ion concentration divided by rational activity coefficient is equal to hydronium ion activity. 

       aH+ =C *y+-....................(2)

Putting equation (2) in place of equation (1)

pH = -log(C*y+-).................(3)

When salt are not added, activities are equal to concentration since ionic strength is small when neutral salt are added. The haidronium ion activity is altered and activity for PC and sold therefore be used i  e. equation (3.)

For Sorensen, pH is the legoritm of hydrogen ion concentration time the reciprocal.

Specifically,

                 pH = -log 1................(.4)

Putting (H3O+) equation (4)in another way,

       pH =log1 -log (H3O+)...........(5)

                                                ( log1= 0)

       pH= -log H3O+.  

The pH value is therefore defined as the negative lagorithum of hydrogen ion concentration.sorenson created the term pH, which stands for hydrogen ion potential.negative lagorithum are expressed by molecules/liter and moles.

Application of pH -

1) enhancing purity .

2) enhancing stability

3) increasing solubility

4) maximizing biological activity

5)storing products.








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