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Showing posts from January, 2023

Defferent between prokaryotes and Eukaryotes,, morphological classification and ultra structure of bacteria ..

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A )  Different between        prokaryotes and            Eukaryotes  , , - 1)cell membrane -     Prokaryotes -absent        Eukaryotes -present  2) nucleous -       Prokaryotes -absent with nuclear                                            membrane .        Eukaryotes -present with nuclear                                         membrane. 3) cell organisms -       Prokaryotes -absent           Eukaryotes -membrane bounded cell                                  organisms is present. 4) cell wall-        Prokaryotes - may or may be present.       Eukaryotes -. May or may be present.   5) DNA structure -        Prokaryotes - single close loop .        Eukaryotes -.  Multiple chromosome                                       are present. 6)DNA protein -        Prokaryotes - absent         Eukaryotes - present  7) chlorophyll -       Prokaryotes - present dissolved in                                          cytoplasm.        Eukaryotes -. Present in chloroplast. 8) reproduction -       Pr

Sorensen pH scale (equation)

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 Sorensen pH scale - A System of grading PH levels and different concentration of H3O+ ion have been divised and named after sorenson, who was the original developer having a PH value of zero indicates hydrogen ion concentration of 1. * The scale starts with a zero PH i.e. hydrogen ion concentration is 1. It means the solution is strongly acidic. *At the other end of the scale, pH is 14, it means the solution is strongly alkaline. *The central point PH in the scale is 7.0, because ( H3O+)is equal to ( OH-). *pH 7 means neutral.  *The acidic nutrality and basicity old good only when,                     1)solvant in water                      2) temperature is 25C  Ion are produced when electrolyte dissociates in water. As acid react with water hydrogen ion are hydronium ion are produced according to thermodynamics,         pH can be calculated by calculating the negative of hydrogen ion activity. Specifically,                      pH= -log aH+.............(1)                  ( aH+=act

Measurement of pH (electrometric mathod)

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Electrometric method (introduction, principal,mathod, advantage) Introduction - the pH of a solution can be determined by means of an electrode,whose depends on the hydrogen ion activity. The hydrogen and glass electrodes are typical pH electrodes, through the later one is commonly used ,glass electrode is a condensed or combined electrode i.e. this incorporates a reference electrode junction next to the glass membrane,so that both electrodes are kept in one unit . The pH sensitive glass bulb is made of lithia  glass, which is suitable over entire range . Principal    1) the potential difference exist at the interface between glass and a solution containing hydrogen ion. 2) the magnitude of this difference varies with the concentration of hydrogen ions. 3) class electron is used for the pH measurement . 4) the glass electrode consist of earth in glass bulb of special class blown at the end of glass tube. 5) the bulb is filled with dilute acid I e desi normal hydrochloric acid solution,

Jass Manak Live

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Satish928 Jass Manak Live show JABALPUR  👇