Defferent between prokaryotes and Eukaryotes,, morphological classification and ultra structure of bacteria ..

A)  Different between        prokaryotes and            Eukaryotes ,,-

1)cell membrane -

    Prokaryotes -absent 

      Eukaryotes -present 

2) nucleous -

     Prokaryotes -absent with nuclear                                            membrane .

       Eukaryotes -present with nuclear                                         membrane.

3) cell organisms -

      Prokaryotes -absent 

         Eukaryotes -membrane bounded cell                                  organisms is present.

4) cell wall- 

     Prokaryotes - may or may be present.

     Eukaryotes -. May or may be present.

 5) DNA structure - 

     Prokaryotes - single close loop .

       Eukaryotes -.  Multiple chromosome                                       are present.

6)DNA protein -

       Prokaryotes - absent 

       Eukaryotes - present 

7) chlorophyll -

     Prokaryotes - present dissolved in                                          cytoplasm.

       Eukaryotes -. Present in chloroplast.

8) reproduction -

     Prokaryotes - binary fission.

        Eukaryotes -.     Mitosis.

9) ribosomes -

      Prokaryotes -. Smaller 

        Eukaryotes -.   Largest 

10) DNA replication -

       Prokaryotes - highly regulated with                                       selected.

          Eukaryotes - replicates entire genom                                    and once .

11) cell size -

       Prokaryotes - smaller 

           Eukaryotes -.    Largest 

12) growth time -

       Prokaryotes -. Faster

          Eukaryotes -.   Lowest 

Example -

       Prokaryotes - bacteria,fungi,etc .

         Eukaryotes -.  Animal, plants,                                                   protozoa,etc.


B) morphological classification of bacteria :-

Introduction of bacteria 🦠-. Bacteria are the smallest, unicellular organism about 0.75 micrometer, equipped with all the machinery for growth and self- replication at the expense of foodstuffs .

               They are ubiquitous and occur in water, air,  soil ,animals and plants, inside human goods as well as under extremely adverse conditions.

Morphological classification -these are a three types of classify :-

              1) spherical

              2) cylindrical

              3) spiral 

1) spherical - these are smallest bacteria ,more or less spherical in shape. In Greek word kokkers means berry .they have a diameter of 0.8 to 1.0 micrometer.

          It is a some types -

            1) micrococcus

           2) diplococcus

           3) streptococcus

           4)staphylococcus 

1) micrococci - they occurs singly.

2) diplococci - when predominantly in pair .                                   one plane into two cocci  that                                   remain attached in pair.

3) streptococci - when they live in chains .

4) stephylococci - they found in group.

Spherical.


2)Cylindrical -it is delivered from Greek word Baccilume meaning stick. The number of rod shape bacteria is for greater than that of spherical organism due to the fact that the radio of surface area to volume is higher in roads.

     It is a some types -

       1) baccillus.  

       2)diplobaccillu 

        3)streptobaccilus 

1) baccillus - when only one rod shaped                                     structure represents the bacteriom.

2)diplobacillus- when they occur in pairs  .

3) streptobaccilus - they Are found in chain .

Cylindrical and spiral 



3) spiral -spiral bacteria have one hormone twist they are never streigth.

  Three types of spiral bacteria,

            1) vibrio comma.   

            2) spirilla.  

            3) spirochaetes

1). Vibrio comma -they are, symbacteria which cause cholera e .g. vibrio cholerae

2) spirilla- intezar longer DJ trance with several curve or coils. They have helical shape.

3) spirochaetes - which use flagella to move, spirochaetes move by  means of an axial filaments, which is contained under an  external flexible sheath  . 



Ultra structure of bacteria 🦠.

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https://in.docworkspace.com/d/sIFfd0t6aAdqEh50G?sa=e1&st=4t


Ultra structure of bacteria are divided into two types -

          ➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖                     .............................................................

    A)External.                           B) internal

1) capsule.                         1) cytoplasmic                                                          membrane.

2) cell wall.                         2) cytoplasm

3) flagilla-.                          3) mesosome 

    1) atrichous.                   4) ribosomes

    2)  monotrichous.          5). Nuclear body 

    3) amphitrichous.          6) spores 

    4) peritrichous 

   5) lopotrichous 

4)pili

Ultra structure of bacteria 
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes bacteria





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